It is a reproductive system disorder in which couples cannot conceive despite attempting for over a year without using any form of contraception.
The capacity to conceive and produce a healthy kid is affected by age. The single most important factor impacting a woman's fertility is her age. Age-related reproductive reduction in men is milder, but it does occur. Fertility begins to drop in a woman's early 30s, and it accelerates after the age of 35.
If a couple has been unable to conceive for more than a year, it is generally recommended to seek medical aid. However, this isn't always the case. If a woman has irregular periods, endometriosis, or PCOS, or if one of the partners has a history of sexually transmitted illnesses, it's good to seek care right once. Also, after six months of trying, a lady over the age of 35 should seek medical advice. If you have a family history of early menopause or primary ovarian insufficiency (also known as premature ovarian failure), schedule an appointment with your doctor. It's essential seeing your doctor now if you're 39 or 40 years old and just starting to try to conceive.
Infertility is commonly thought to be predominantly a woman's problem. In truth, only around a third of infertility cases are caused solely by the woman. According to statistics, one-third of infertility issues are caused by men. In contrast, the other one-third is caused by fertility concerns involving both couples or by unknown causes. Unknown reasons account for roughly 20% of all occurrences of infertility.
Intrauterine insemination (IUI) stands for intrauterine fertilization. It is one of the most widely used ART techniques (Assisted Reproductive Technology). The processed sperm is used in this procedure and delivered directly to the female's uterus. This procedure corresponds to the natural ovulation cycle.
IVF stands for in vitro fertilization. It is a non-surgical procedure in which sperm fertilizes egg cells outside the womb in a laboratory setting. It's also referred to as Test Tube Baby.
When both of a woman's fallopian tubes are obstructed, sperm parameters are low, and all previous fertility treatments have failed, IVF is usually advised. Other issues that can prohibit couples from having a child naturally include poor sperm quality and quantity, ovulation, and sperm-egg interaction issues. This is something that IVF can help with. The following are some of the conditions that may necessitate IVF: 1. Tubal occlusion or tubal reversal failure 2. Endometriosis 3. Cervical factor 4. Pelvic adhesions 5. Male factor 6. Unexplained infertility/failed conventional therapy 7. Genetic testing (PGD) for inheritable diseases 8. Genetic testing (PGD) for possible reasons for multiple miscarriages
The IVF procedure can be comprehended by following the steps outlined below. •Ovarian stimulation: The fertility specialist keeps track of when the eggs come out. The doctor will check if the hormone levels and other IVF circumstances are ordinary. The doctor keeps an eye on the eggs generated to see if they are suitable. •Egg retrieval: The eggs are extracted from the female's ovary using a needle and light sedation. The eggs are then placed on a plate with nutritional media before being transferred to the incubator. •Fertilization: The next step in IVF is fertilization, which involves taking male sperm and combining it with the egg in an incubator to create embryos. In ICSI (Intracytoplasmic sperm injection), on the other hand, the most active sperm are chosen and individually implanted with an egg before being deposited in a unique incubator. The process is then closely monitored to ensure that a healthy embryo develops. •Embryo transfer: This is the final phase in the process, which involves transferring the healthiest embryo. The doctor first examines the embryo to ensure that it is healthy. The embryo is transplanted with the use of thin plastic tubes.
Because the injections used for IVF are purified and administered in subcutaneous form, IVF is a painless operation. The egg collection procedure is carried out with only mild anesthesia and is entirely painless. However, the patient may experience some discomfort following egg collection. Anesthesia is not used during embryo transfer; instead, it is a 10-15 minute procedure that causes very little pain.
Before egg extraction, the in vitro fertilization process can span four to six weeks. The embryo(s) will be implanted three to five days later. It can be completed in a few hours. Then comes the regular pregnant time.